北宋前中期朝廷坚持“将从中御”的传统御将体制，但是到后期，主导变法的宰臣与神宗、哲宗、徽宗父子将富国强兵、对外军事拓边作为了变革的基本内容与主要目标之一。神宗支持王安石主导拓边，其御将体制不同于传统的“将从中御”，而是形成了具有鲜明特点的御将新体制，即由主导变法的宰臣主持边将实施边事活动，边将往往由主导变革的宰臣荐举，在边事活动中，宰臣大多以私书方式指导边将从事边事活动，其军事成败往往与宰臣的自身政治命运甚至整个变革成败密切相连。因此，主导变革的宰臣极为看重边将的选任及其军事成效，而边将在宰臣支持下，亦能较充分发挥其军事才能,取得显著战功。其中，“熙州成功”范例，正是御将新体制的必然产物。随后在绍圣、元符时期，章惇能适时沿袭该体制，也在军事方面取得了极大成功。不过，随着变法主导权一旦回归到神宗父子手中，“将从中御”的传统御将体制又得以逐步恢复。尤其到徽宗朝后期，由徽宗主导的御将体制弊端明显，并且它对钦宗朝御将体制的构建以及北宋灭亡均产生了直接影响。

The New System of Governing Generals in the Late Northern Song Dynasty and Its Influence        Yan Yongcheng

  In the early and middle Northern Song Dynasty, the court insisted traditional system of “generals being governed by the emperor”, yet till the late period, the Grand Councilor and Grand Minister who dominated the reformation, as well as emperors of Shenzong, Zhezong, and Huizong, all took powerful military force and foreign military expansion as one of the basic content and primary target of the reformation. Emperor Shenzong supported Wang Anshi’s dominance of border expansion, and Wang developed a distinctive new system to govern the generals, in which the Grand Councilor and Grand Minister who dominated the reformation recommended generals of borderland, as well as guided them implementing border activities, mostly by private letters, and the military success or failure were often closely correlated with the political fate of the Grand Councilor and Grand Minister. Therefore, they were keen on the selection and military achievements of generals of borderland, and the generals could also give full play to their military capabilities under the support of the Grand Councilor and Grand Minister. The success in Xizhou was just an inevitable outcome of the new system. Later on, Zhang Dun duly followed the system in the years of Shaosheng and Yuanfu, and gained great military success, too. However, along with dominate right of reformation returned to emperors of Shenzong and Zhezong, the traditional system gradually recovered. The traditional system had shown obvious defects especially in the late reign of Emperor Huizong, and directly affected the construction of system to govern the generals in the reign of Emperor Qinzong, as well as the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty.