先秦思想中《乐记》的不同面向——以诸子的礼乐批判及音乐术语的发展为核心
朴素晶
摘要：《礼记·乐记》是中国古代音乐思想方面最全面的文献，向来备受古今中外学界的关注，但是对此的研究一直围绕着其作者与成书年代的问题进行，对其思想内容仍没有重大突破。一方面，比较《荀子·乐论》、《礼记·乐记》及《吕氏春秋》相关部分，可以看出《乐记》成书时接受了《荀子·乐论》以及不同来源的先秦思想，而其基本音乐术语不会晚于《吕氏春秋》的成书年代；另一方面，理解先秦诸子音乐话语及其对儒家礼乐的批判，对深入探讨《乐记》的成书动机及其各篇章的不同面向十分必要。《乐记》除了证明礼乐思想的正当性以外，也涉及音乐与情绪的密切联系，礼、乐概念的相辅相成，以及声、音、乐概念的系统化等各个方面。《乐记》集儒家音乐讨论之大成，其中有很多丰富的内容值得进一步探讨。
Various Aspects of the Book of Music: Pre-Qin Thinkers’ Criticism of Confucian Ritual Music Discourse and the Development of Musical Terminologies in Pre-Qin Period
So-Jeong Park
This paper argues that the Book of Music is not a homogenous text but the result of conversations and compromises through the debates on music among different pre-Qin thinkers. With a careful analysis on musical terminologies in the Book of Music compared with the Xunzi, the Annals of Lü Buwei, one can understand when and how the basic ideas of the different chapters of the Book of Music were formed. As a compilation of Confucian responses to various criticisms from pre-Qin thinkers, the Book of Music tried to prove the legitimacy of Confucian ritual music discourse, explored the relationship of music and emotion, and systemized the basic framework of musical terminologies.
