民初小说理论：管达如《说小说》与吕思勉《小说丛话》新探
邬国义
摘要：民国初年，管达如与吕思勉分别发表了《说小说》与《小说丛话》，这两篇论著在近代小说理论发展史上具有重要的地位与意义，但有关前文作者的身份和事迹，以及两文之间的联系等，都还有值得重新探讨的余地。前人已注意到两文在思想、内容乃至文字论述上因袭雷同的问题，吕思勉有关遗稿的发现，出人意料地使我们对于这一问题有了一种全新的认识。有吕氏手稿为证，吕思勉至少撰写了《说小说》一文其中的两章，《说小说》由管、吕两人合撰而成，应当是确定无疑的事实，而吕思勉在写《小说丛话》时，袭用、改写自己前面所写的文字内容，也就是十分自然的事了。在汉译西文美学、文艺理论译本十分稀缺的情况下，吕思勉撰写有关小说理论方面的文章，也当如他教商业经济、商业地理那样，“参考”了“日文书”方面的一些论著，而他的一些西方美学、文艺思想，也应是经此中介而得来的。
The Theory of Fiction in the Early Period of the Republic of China: a New Discussion of Guan Daru’s “On Novels” and Lü Simian’s “Series of Words about Novels”
Wu Guoyi
In the early period of the Republic of China, Guan Daru and Lü Simian respectively published the essays “On Novels” and “Series of Words about Novels”, which have important position and significance in the history of modern Chinese theory of fiction. But it is still worthy of discussion about the author’s identity and his deeds of the former essay, the relation between the two essays, and so on. Scholars had noticed the similarity of the two essays on thought, content, and even expression. However, the discovery of Lü’s posthumous manuscript led us to a new understanding of the problem. With the evidence of the manuscript, Lü at least wrote two chapters of the essay “On Novels”, so a hard truth is that the essay was co-written by Guan and Lü, and it would be quite natural for Lü to follow and adapt his previous work when writing the essay “Series of Words about Novels”. In the absence of Chinese translation of Western aesthetics and literary theory, Lü consulted some Japanese books when he wrote articles on theory of fiction, just as when he taught the courses of commercial economy and commercial geography. And his thought on Western literature and aesthetics should also be acquired through this mediation.
