近代西方文献中的南海——海南人的家园

辉  明 廖大珂

南海诸岛自古以来就是中国的领土，绝非一些人所说的“无主之地”。近代西方人在南海从事大量的活动，为人们留下了丰富的有关中国海南人在南海生产生活的记载。在西方人的笔下，南海是海南人的家园，并勾勒出一幅人海相依的画卷，同时也证明：海南人是南海的开发者和经营者，也是南海诸岛唯一的主人。相反，在他们的记载中没有提到越南人和菲律宾人的任何活动。1909年李准率中国海军巡视南海，从法理上确立了中国对南海诸岛的主权，因此美国政府出版办公室1915年出版的《亚洲指南》和1938年出版的《中国海西海岸航行指南》都承认：西沙群岛在1909年已经无可争议地并入了中国版图。这反映了国际社会对南海诸岛主权属于中国的共识。

The South China Sea in Modern Western Literature: the Homeland of the Hainan People

Hui Ming, Liao Dake

   The South China Sea islands have been Chinese territory since ancient times, but not the “ownerless land” as some say. The mass activities of modern Westerners in the South China Sea left abundant records of production and living of the Hainan people in the South China Sea. In the descriptions of the Westerners, the South China Sea is the homeland of the Hainan people, and a scene of the people and sea depending on each other was outlined, which prove that the Hainan people are the pioneers and proprietors of the South China Sea, as well as the only owner of the South China Sea islands. On the contrary, there is not any activity of Vietnamese and Filipinos mentioned in their records. In 1909, Li Zhun led the Chinese Navy touring the South China Sea, thus China’s sovereignty of the South China Sea islands was established from a legal perspective. Therefore, Asiatic Pilot (1915) and Sailing Directions for the Western Shores of the China Sea from Singapore Strait to and Including Hong Kong (1938) published by the United States Government Printing Office both admitted that the Paracel Islands had been indisputably incorporated into the Chinese territory since 1909, which reflected the consensus of the international community on the sovereignty of the South China Sea islands.