论义和团运动时期维特的满洲政策
张 丽
1900年春夏之交，义和团运动蔓延东北，东北三将军没有根据边疆地区的形势制定特殊的应对策略，而是在迟疑犹豫中不同程度地执行中央政府的命令，听任爱国官兵附和义和团，破坏铁路与俄为敌。俄国远东政策的缔造者维特先是指望中国东北地方当局自行靖乱，保护铁路安全，后随着东北局势的演变，又敦促沙皇出兵东北。义和团运动被扑灭后，维特反对占据北满部分领土，反对在满洲留兵护路，提出了以寻求经济补偿为主的满洲善后政策，并亲自参与中俄第一次交收东三省谈判。但由于杨儒最终拒绝在俄方修改后的协议上签字，中俄第一次交收东三省谈判失败，维特的满洲善后政策也遇到了严重挫折。
A Study of Witte’s Policy on Manchuria during the Boxer Movement
Zhang Li
At the end of spring and the beginning of summer of 1900, the Boxer Movement spread to Northeast China. The Northeast Three Generals did not develop special strategy according to the situation of border areas, but executed the command of central government on different levels in hesitation, and allowed the patriotic soldiers to follow the Boxers in destroying railways against Russia. At first, Witte, the founder of Russia’s Far East Policy, expected the local government of Northeast China to put down the rebellion and protect safety of the railway. Then with the situation changed, he urged the Tsar to send troops to Northeast China. After the Boxer Movement was suppressed, he opposed occupying part of the Northern Manchuria territory, and soldiers staying in Manchuria to guard the railway. He put forward a rehabilitation policy on Manchuria which mainly sought financial compensation, and personally involved in the first negotiation between China and Russia on the settlement of three Northeast provinces. However, because Yang Ru ultimately refused to sign the agreement modified by Russia, the negotiations failed. Thus, Witte’s rehabilitation policy on Manchuria also encountered serious frustration.
