义以出礼，义以生利，允义明德——论“义”在春秋社会观念中的核心地位 桓占伟
长期以来，学界多以“礼”为春秋时期的核心观念；孔子以“仁”代“礼”，“仁”又被视为春秋后期的社会核心观念，“义”在春秋观念史上的地位却被忽视了。实际上，春秋之“义”具有统领性、共识性和普遍性，三者共同支撑起“义”在春秋社会观念中的核心地位。春秋义观念的勃兴，表明以“礼”为代表的宗法制度的崩坏，并不意味着以“义”为准则的宗法精神的丧失。“义”对春秋社会所产生的无形而深刻的影响，理应引起学界新的重视。
On the Key Role of “Righteousness” in the Ideas of the Spring and Autumn Society Huan Zhanwei
“Rites” has long been regarded as the core idea in the Spring and Autumn period. Confucius replaced “rites” with “benevolence”, thus “benevolence” was seen as the core idea in the late Spring and Autumn period. That makes the position of “righteousness” in the history of ideas in the Spring and Autumn period being neglected. “Righteousness” was just a leading and universal consensus in the Spring and Autumn period. The rise of the idea in the Spring and Autumn period just showed the collapse of patriarchal clan system represented by rites, but not the lose of patriarchal spirit with the criterion of rites. The invisible but deep effect of righteousness to the Spring and Autumn society should arouse new attention of our academia.
