名岂文章著：论杜甫生前诗名为赋名所掩            孙  微

关于杜甫生前文名大小的问题，目前学界存在较大的分歧和争议，然而这些争论往往将杜甫生前的诗名与赋名混为一谈，从而都忽略了一个基本的事实，那就是杜甫生前的诗名与赋名其实并不一致。杜甫因天宝九载冬献《三大礼赋》而骤得赋名，此后其诗名一直为赋名所掩，这才是唐人选唐诗中不选杜诗的根本原因，也是李杜生前文名主要差异之原因。杜甫的友人中少有称其诗才者，却多赞其赋才，杜甫亦常以汉代赋家扬雄、司马相如自称。杜诗中诸如“岂有文章惊海内”、“名岂文章著”、“百年歌自苦，未见有知音”等，都透露出杜甫对当时这种认知错位的无奈与感喟。

A Study of Du Fu’s Fame for Poetry Being Covered up by the Fame for Fu in His Lifetime                Sun Wei

  Du Fu’s fame in his lifetime has been quite controversial academically, yet the disputes confuse his fame for poetry with his fame for fu in most cases, which ignore a basic fact that these two kinds of fame were not consistent with each other in Du’s lifetime. Du suddenly won high reputation after he composed “Fu to Three Grand Ceremonies” in the winter of 748, and his fame for poetry had been overshadowed by his fame for fu. That is the root cause for the Tang people not selecting Du’s poems when collecting poetry of their dynasty, as well as the main cause for the difference between Li Bai and Du Fu on fame in their lifetime. Du’s friends seldom praised his talent for poetry but many praised his talent for fu, and Du often likened himself to Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru, fu writers in the Han Dynasty. The lines in his poems, such as “Is there prose amazing the country?” “Is my fame brought by prose?” and “Relentlessly singing for life’s hundred years, I have never seen a true understanding friend,” all revealed Du’s helplessness toward such cognitive nonconformity.