试论清代杜诗未刊评点序跋的理论价值   曾绍皇

清代杜诗未刊评点序跋是稀见的杜诗学文献，蕴含丰富的诗学理论。杜注论方面，反思“千家注杜”所存在的过度阐释与注释讹误，认为“诗有待注而豁然者，有不须注而渊然、一落注而反索然者”。编年论方面，肯定编年乃“知人论世之要诀”，又认为编年“不可泥信者亦多”。渊源论方面，切论杜诗“导源风雅”、“兼收博采”，又详析杜甫诗论俱本《文赋》的诗学渊源。创作论方面，强调作诗以“学”始，以“悟”终，认为“选诗与看诗异，看诗与作诗异”。鉴赏论方面，视诗歌为“灵物”、“高物”、“深物”，强调“惟癖则所研入深，所领略独”。这些理论真实再现了杜诗经典化、理论化进程的原始面貌，也凸显了清代学者杜诗批阅的实践感悟与理论思考。

A Discussion of the Theoretical Value of Unpublished Prefaces and Postscripts of

Criticism of Du Fu’s Poetry in the Qing Dynasty                                          Zeng Shaohuang

The unpublished prefaces and postcripts of criticism of Du Fu’s poetry in the Qing Dynasty are rare literature of the studies of Du’s poetry containing rich poetic theories. On the criticism theory of Du’s poetry, the critics reflected on the over interpretation and annotation errors existing in the thousands of annotations of Du’s poetry, and considered that “some poems are suddenly enlightened through annotation, while some poems are profound in the original yet become insipid through annotation.” On the theory of annals, the critics affirmed that an annal allows us to “understand a person and his time,” but still can not be trusted too much. On the origin of Du Fu’s poetry, the critics argued that Du’s poetry originated from the “airs” and “hymns”, and Du’s poetics was based on Wen Fu (The Art of Writing) by Lu Ji. On versification, the critics emphasized that poetizing should take “learning” as the beginning and “enlightening” as the ending, and held that “selecting poems is different from reading poems, while reading poems is different with versifying poems.” On the poetry appreciation, the critics regarded poetry as a spiritual and profound object, and emphasized that “only the addiction can bring deep proficiency and unique taste.” Those theories truthfully display the original appearance of canonization and theorization of Du’s poetry, as well as highlight practical and theoretical reflections of the Qing scholars understanding Du’s poetry.